Decode the inspection report

NYC restaurant health code violations

Understand the violation codes in NYC restaurant inspection records, which items are critical and why recurrence matters.

31,187restaurants
68+current codes

Current official records

Common NYC restaurant violation codes

Counts below show restaurants whose latest inspection includes the code—not every historical occurrence.

CodeOfficial violation descriptionLatest inspectionsCritical records
10FNon-food contact surface or equipment made of unacceptable material, not kept clean, or not properly sealed, raised, spaced or movable to allow accessibility for cleaning on all sides, above and underneath the unit.13,849
08AEstablishment is not free of harborage or conditions conducive to rodents, insects or other pests.6,126
06CFood, supplies, or equipment not protected from potential source of contamination during storage, preparation, transportation, display, service or from customer’s refillable, reusable container. Condiments not in single-service containers or dispensed directly by the vendor.6,0586,058
10BAnti-siphonage or back-flow prevention device not provided where required; equipment or floor not properly drained; sewage disposal system in disrepair or not functioning properly. Condensation or liquid waste improperly disposed of.5,919
06DFood contact surface not properly washed, rinsed and sanitized after each use and following any activity when contamination may have occurred.5,7895,789
02GCold TCS food item held above 41 °F; smoked or processed fish held above 38 °F; intact raw eggs held above 45 °F; or reduced oxygen packaged (ROP) TCS foods held above required temperatures except during active necessary preparation.5,4465,446
02BHot TCS food item not held at or above 140 °F.4,5104,510
04LEvidence of mice or live mice in establishment's food or non-food areas.3,4373,437
04NFilth flies or food/refuse/sewage associated with (FRSA) flies or other nuisance pests in establishment’s food and/or non-food areas. FRSA flies include house flies, blow flies, bottle flies, flesh flies, drain flies, Phorid flies and fruit flies.2,5072,507
10GDishwashing and ware washing: Cleaning and sanitizing of tableware, including dishes, utensils, and equipment deficient.2,471
04AFood Protection Certificate (FPC) not held by manager or supervisor of food operations.2,1662,166
06FWiping cloths not stored clean and dry, or in a sanitizing solution, between uses.1,7031,703
06ESanitized equipment or utensil, including in-use food dispensing utensil, improperly used or stored.1,6881,688
04HRaw, cooked or prepared food is adulterated, contaminated, cross-contaminated, or not discarded in accordance with HACCP plan.1,6281,628
09CDesign, construction, materials used or maintenance of food contact surface improper. Surface not easily cleanable, sanitized and maintained.1,573
08CPesticide not properly labeled or used by unlicensed individual. Pesticide, other toxic chemical improperly used/stored. Unprotected, unlocked bait station used.1,448
06APersonal cleanliness is inadequate. Outer garment soiled with possible contaminant. Effective hair restraint not worn where required. Jewelry worn on hands or arms. Fingernail polish worn or fingernails not kept clean and trimmed.1,4071,407
05DNo hand washing facility in or adjacent to toilet room or within 25 feet of a food preparation, food service or ware washing area. Hand washing facility not accessible, obstructed or used for non-hand washing purposes. No hot and cold running water or water at inadequate pressure. No soap or acceptable hand-drying device.1,3921,392
10HSingle service article not provided. Single service article reused or not protected from contamination when transported, stored, dispensed. Drinking straws not completely enclosed in wrapper or dispensed from a sanitary device.1,316
04MLive roaches in facility's food or non-food area.1,0321,032
09BThawing procedure improper.915
09EWash hands sign not posted near or above hand washing sink.800
10EAccurate thermometer not provided or properly located in refrigerated, cold storage or hot holding equipment765
04KEvidence of rats or live rats in establishment's food or non-food areas.699699
02HAfter cooking or removal from hot holding, TCS food not cooled by an approved method whereby the internal temperature is reduced from 140 °F to 70 °F or less within 2 hours, and from 70 °F to 41 °F or less within 4 additional hours.652652
28-06Contract with a pest management professional not in place. Record of extermination activities not kept on premises.646
10DMechanical or natural ventilation not provided, inadequate, improperly installed, in disrepair or fails to prevent and control excessive build-up of grease, heat, steam condensation, vapors, odors, smoke or fumes.622
04JProperly scaled and calibrated thermometer or thermocouple not provided or not readily accessible in food preparation and hot/cold holding areas to measure temperatures of TCS foods during cooking, cooling, reheating, and holding.594594
08BGarbage receptacle not pest or water resistant, with tight-fitting lids, and covered except while in active use. Garbage receptacle and cover not cleaned after emptying and prior to reuse. Garbage, refuse and other solid and liquid waste not collected, stored, removed and disposed of so as to prevent a nuisance.567
03AFood, prohibited, from unapproved or unknown source, home canned or home prepared. Animal slaughtered, butchered or dressed (eviscerated, skinned) in establishment. Reduced Oxygen Packaged (ROP) fish not frozen before processing. ROP food prepared on premises transported to another site.365365
09ASwollen, leaking, rusted or otherwise damaged canned food to be returned to distributor not segregated from intact product and clearly labeled DO NOT USE36193
10AToilet facility not maintained or provided with toilet paper, waste receptacle or self-closing door.360
06BTobacco or electronic cigarette use, eating, or drinking from open container in food preparation, food storage or dishwashing area.329329
04CFood worker/food vendor does not use utensil or other barrier to eliminate bare hand contact with food that will not receive adequate additional heat treatment.249249
05HNo approved written standard operating procedure for avoiding contamination by refillable returnable containers.171171

Critical vs. non-critical

What is a critical restaurant violation?

The NYC source flags violations that present a greater food-safety concern as critical. The flag comes directly from the official inspection record.

Critical does not mean “currently unsafe”

A critical flag describes the violation recorded during that inspection. It does not prove that the condition remains present today. Check the inspection date, action and any follow-up visit.

Point totals still need context

Two restaurants can have the same score but different violation types. That is why every profile shows descriptions, critical flags, repeat patterns and inspection history instead of only a letter.

Recurring violations

When the same code appears in multiple inspection events, the profile identifies it as recurring. Recurrence is calculated from the restaurant’s official history and is not a separate city designation.

How to look up a restaurant’s violations

Search the NYC restaurant health ratings map by name, address, neighborhood or cuisine. Open the restaurant profile to see its latest violations first, then use the inspection-history table for earlier scores and visit types.

For time-sensitive health or safety decisions, confirm the record using NYC’s official restaurant inspection search. Our data methodology explains source timestamps, grouping and comparison calculations.